php-mysqlnd も一緒にインストールしています。

~]# dnf -y install mariadb-server php-mysqlnd

MariaDB 設定ファイル編集。

追加。

~]# vi /etc/my.cnf.d/mariadb-server.cnf

# This group is only read by MariaDB-10.11 servers. # If you use the same .cnf file for MariaDB of different versions, # use this group for options that older servers don't understand [mariadb-10.11] character-set-server = utf8mb4

~]# vi /etc/my.cnf.d/client.cnf

# This group is not read by mysql client library, # If you use the same .cnf file for MySQL and MariaDB, # use it for MariaDB-only client options [client-mariadb] default-character-set = utf8mb4

自動起動有効＋起動。

~]# systemctl enable --now mariadb

MariaDB 初期設定。

~]# mysql_secure_installation

入力。

NOTE: RUNNING ALL PARTS OF THIS SCRIPT IS RECOMMENDED FOR ALL MariaDB SERVERS IN PRODUCTION USE! PLEASE READ EACH STEP CAREFULLY! In order to log into MariaDB to secure it, we'll need the current password for the root user. If you've just installed MariaDB, and haven't set the root password yet, you should just press enter here. Enter current password for root (enter for none): ⏎ OK, successfully used password, moving on... Setting the root password or using the unix_socket ensures that nobody can log into the MariaDB root user without the proper authorisation. You already have your root account protected, so you can safely answer 'n'. Switch to unix_socket authentication [Y/n] n ... skipping. You already have your root account protected, so you can safely answer 'n'. Change the root password? [Y/n] n ... skipping. By default, a MariaDB installation has an anonymous user, allowing anyone to log into MariaDB without having to have a user account created for them. This is intended only for testing, and to make the installation go a bit smoother. You should remove them before moving into a production environment. Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] ⏎ ... Success! Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from 'localhost'. This ensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network. Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] ⏎ ... Success! By default, MariaDB comes with a database named 'test' that anyone can access. This is also intended only for testing, and should be removed before moving into a production environment. Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] ⏎ - Dropping test database... ... Success! - Removing privileges on test database... ... Success! Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so far will take effect immediately. Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] ⏎ ... Success! Cleaning up... All done! If you've completed all of the above steps, your MariaDB installation should now be secure. Thanks for using MariaDB!

MariaDB へ root でログイン。（パスワード不要）

~]# mysql

【以降の作業について。】

① root で DB を作る（管理者作業）

MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE DATABASE app_db;

② root でユーザーを作る（管理者作業）

MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE USER 'app_user'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'password';

③ 必要最小限の権限だけ与える

MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT SELECT, UPDATE, DELETE ON app_db.* TO 'app_user'@'localhost';

④ アプリはそのユーザーで DB に接続する

下記は root だけがやればよい。
DB 作成
テーブル作成
ユーザー作成
権限管理
バックアップ
リストア

データのバックアップ及びリストア

~]# mysqldump auth_db > auth_db.sql ~]# mysql auth_db < auth_db.sql

データベース一覧を表示する

MariaDB [(none)]> SHOW DATABASES;

ユーザー一覧を表示する

MariaDB [(none)]> SELECT User, Host FROM mysql.user;

全ユーザーの権限をまとめて標準出力

~]# mysql -N -e "SELECT CONCAT('SHOW GRANTS FOR ''',User,'''@''',Host,''';') FROM mysql.user" \ | mysql